In Marcia's framework, which best defines identity diffusion?

In Marcia's framework, which best defines identity diffusion?

• A. A firm commitment with extensive exploration.
• B. No exploration or commitment to identity.
• C. A delayed commitment until adulthood.
• D. Development through crisis and eventual commitment.

Answer: (B)

In Marcia’s framework, identity diffusion means there is no exploration and no commitment to identity. Exploration is the active questioning and trying out of different possibilities for values, beliefs, and roles, while commitment is making firm choices about those aspects of identity. When both are absent, a person shows little interest in identity issues, lacks direction, and hasn’t formed decisions about future beliefs or roles. This sets diffusion apart from moratorium (exploration without commitment), foreclosure (commitment without exploration), and achievement (both exploration and commitment present). So the best description is no exploration or commitment to identity.

In Marcia’s framework, identity diffusion means there is no exploration and no commitment to identity. Exploration is the active questioning and trying out of different possibilities for values, beliefs, and roles, while commitment is making firm choices about those aspects of identity. When both are absent, a person shows little interest in identity issues, lacks direction, and hasn’t formed decisions about future beliefs or roles. This sets diffusion apart from moratorium (exploration without commitment), foreclosure (commitment without exploration), and achievement (both exploration and commitment present). So the best description is no exploration or commitment to identity.